Ear Infections

How Big Of A Problem Is It?

Statistics:

• Almost half of all children will have at least one middle ear infection before
  they`re 1-year old, and two-thirds of them will have had at least one such
  infection by age 3. *
• Of these, almost half will have had repeated bouts.
• Ear infections are the most frequent primary diagnosis made at visits to
  U.S. physician offices by children under 15 years of age. **
• The National Center for Health Statistics reports that otitis media is the most
  common diagnosis for a physician`s office visit by children under 15.
• Specifically, children under two have the highest rate of visits to a physician`s
  office for otitis media.
• From 1975-1990, office visits for otitis media increased by 150 percent.
  Children under 15 accounted for 24.5 million more visits to the physician`s
  office, or an increase of 81 percent office visits for the diagnosis and treatment
  of otitis media.

* Journal of the American Chiropractic Association, August 2002, Volume
39, No.8

**Chronic Recurrent Otitis Media: Case Series of Five Patients with
Recommendations for Case Management. Peter Fysh, DC; Journal of Clinical
Chiropractic Pediatrics, Volume 1, No. 2, 1996

What is the CAUSE?!

Why Do Ear Infections Happen?

• Babies and small children are particularly prone to otitis media because they get
  lots of colds and partly because their eustachian tubes (which connect the middle
  ear to the back of the throat and nose) are shorter and more horizontal than those
  of grown-ups.
  
  Source: Shannon Hines, M.S, http://www.momshelpmoms.com/earinfections.html

How Do They Happen?

During a cold or another respiratory infection, these tiny tubes can become inflamed
and swollen, trapping fluid in the middle ear.

When viruses or bacteria multiply in the fluid, the result is a painful infection.

Misalignment of vertebrae and/or muscle spasm can press on structures that drain the
middle ear.

Source: Dr. Stu Warner, Parker Seminars, Miami, 2003

Reoccurring ear infections account for over 35% of all pediatrician visits in the
United States. Sometimes these infections are due to bacteria and sometimes these are
due to a virus. The most common medical care for this situation has been antibiotics,
even though antibiotics have no effect on viruses.

Source: Ladies Home Journal, October 1998 "Chiropractic Adjustments for Chronic
Ear Infections."

Who Is At High Risk?

Pacifiers Are Linked To Increase In Ear Infections...

• The study included 490 children under 18 months of age who were cared for
  at 14 well-baby clinics.
• The experimental cohort exhibited a 29% reduced risk of acute otitis media,
  compared with controls.
• Youngsters in both cohorts who did not use pacifiers continuously enjoyed
  33% fewer acute otitis media episodes than did children who used pacifiers continuously.
  
  Source: (Niemela M, Pihakari O, Pokka T, Uhari M. Pacifier as a risk factor
  for acute otitis media: A randomized, controlled trial of parental counseling.
  Pediatrics. 2000;106(3):483-8)

Chiropractic Approach to Ear Infections

Ear problems can be excruciatingly painful, especially in children. With 10 million
new cases every year, ear infections (otitis media) are the most common illness
affecting babies and young children and the number one reason for visits to the pediatrician-accounting for more than 35 percent of all pediatric visits.

Almost half of all children will have at least one middle ear infection before they`re
a year old, and two-thirds of them will have had at least one such infection by age
3. The symptoms can include ear pain, fever, and irritability. Otitis media can be
either bacterial or viral in origin, and frequently results from another illness such
as a cold. For many children, it can become a chronic problem, requiring
treatment year after year, and putting the child at risk of permanent hearing
damage and associated speech and developmental problems.

Standard treatment for most cases of otitis media is with antibiotics, which can be
effectiveif the culprit is bacterial (antibiotics, of course, do nothing to fight
off viruses). But, according to many research studies, antibiotics are often not
much more effective than the body`s own immune system. And repeated doses of
antibiotics can lead to drug-resistant bacteria that scoff at the drugs, while leaving
the child screaming in pain.

Frequent ear infections are also the second most common reason for surgery in
children under 2 (with circumcision being the first). In severe cases-for
example, when fluids from an ear infection haven`t cleared from the ear after
several months, and hearing is affected-specialists sometimes prescribe
myringotomy and tympanostomy, more commonly known as "ear tubes."
During the surgical procedure, a small opening is made in the eardrum to place
a tube inside. The tube relieves pressure in the ear and prevents repeated fluid
buildup with the continuous venting of fresh air. In most cases, the
membrane pushes the tube out after a couple of months and the hole in the eardrum
closes. Although the treatment is effective, it has to be repeated in some 20 to 30
percent of cases. And this kind of surgery requires general anesthesia, never a minor
thing in a small child. If the infection persists even after tube placement and removal,
children sometimes undergo adenoidectomy (surgical removal of the adenoids)-
an option that is effective mostly through the first year after surgery.

Before yet another round of "maybe-they`ll-work-and-maybe-they-won`t"
antibiotics or the drastic step of surgery, more parents are considering
chiropractic to help children with chronic ear infections. Dr. Joan Fallon,
a chiropractor who practices in Yonkers, New York, has published research
showing that, after receiving a series of chiropractic adjustments, nearly 80
percent of the children treated were free of ear infections for at
least the six-month period following their initial visits (a period that also included
maintenance treatments every four to six weeks).

"Chiropractic mobilizes drainage of the ear in children, and if they can continue to
drain without a buildup of fluid and subsequent infection, they build up their own
antibodies and recover more quickly," explains Dr. Fallon. She`d like to see her
pilot study used as a basis for larger-scale trials of chiropractic as a therapeutic
modality for otitis media.

Dr. Fallon uses primarily upper-cervical manipulation on children with otitis media,
focusing particularly on the occiput, or back of the skull, and atlas, or the first vertebra
in the neck. "Adjusting the occiput, in particular, will get the middle ear to drain.
Depending on how chronic it`s been and on where they are in their cycle of antibiotics, children generally need to get through one bout of fluid and fight it off themselves." That means, for the average child, between six and eight treatments. If a child`s case is acute,
Dr. Fallon will check the ear every day, using a tympanogram to measure the ear and
track the movement of the eardrum to make sure that it`s draining. "I`ll do adjustments
every day or every other day for a couple of days if they`re acute, and then decrease frequency over time."

Dr. Fallon, whose research garnered her the acclaim of childrearing magazines like
Parenting and Baby Talk, often sees great success when she treats a child for otitis
media. "Once they fight it themselves, my kids tend to do very well and stay away from
ear infections completely. Unless there are environmental factors like smoking in the
house, an abnormally shaped Eustachian tube, or something like that, they do very well,"
she says.

"I have two large pediatric groups that refer to me on a regular basis. In the winter, when otitis is most prevalent, I see five or six new children each week from each group," says
Dr. Fallon. "It`s safe and effective and something that parents should try, certainly before inserting tubes in their children`s ears."

Reference:

2004, American Chiropractic Association